Tipuri de inovare după sursă
OCDE sistematizat în Manualul Oslo tipurile de inovare prin împărțirea sursei de inovare în două grupuri: cercetare și dezvoltare și non-cercetare și dezvoltare.
"Cercetarea și dezvoltarea experimentală (R & D) cuprinde lucrări de creație întreprinse sistematic în scopul creșterii stocului de cunoștințe, inclusiv cunoașterea omului, a culturii și a societății și utilizarea acestui stoc de cunoștințe pentru a elabora noi aplicații (așa cum sunt definite în Manualul Frascati). Termenul de cercetare și dezvoltare acoperă trei activități: cercetarea fundamentală, cercetarea aplicată și dezvoltarea experimentală. "(OCDE: Manualul Frascati (2002): p. 30.)
Ideea este de a arăta că nu toate procesele de inovare din cadrul firmelor trebuie dezvoltate sau implementate în cooperare cu instituțiile de cercetare-dezvoltare. Majoritatea IMM-urilor inovatoare nu sunt legate de nicio instituție de cercetare-dezvoltare.
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