Typy innowacji według źródła
OECD w Podręczniku Oslo (Oslo Manual) systematyzuje rodzaje innowacji poprzez podzielenie jej źródeł na dwie grupy: innowacje związane z instytucjami B+R oraz innowacje niezwiązane z instytucjami B+R.
„Badania oraz rozwój doświadczalny (B+R) obejmują prace twórcze prowadzone w systematyczny sposób w celu zwiększenia zasobów wiedzy, w tym wiedzy o człowieku, kulturze i społeczeństwie oraz wykorzystania tego zasobu wiedzy do opracowania nowych zastosowań (zgodnie z definicją w Podręczniku Frascati – Frascati Manual). Termin B+R obejmuje trzy podstawowe działania: badania podstawowe, badania stosowane i rozwój doświadczalny.” (OECD: Frascati Manual (2002), str. 30.)
Chodzi o to, aby pokazać, że nie wszystkie procesy innowacyjne w firmach muszą być rozwijane i/lub wdrażane we współpracy z instytucjami badawczo-rozwojowymi. Większość innowacyjnych MŚP nie jest powiązana z żadną instytucją badawczo-rozwojową.
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